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Sanitation is best defined as

  1. Cleaning all surfaces thoroughly

  2. Removing all visible dirt

  3. Sterilizing a surface

  4. Significantly reducing the number of pathogens on a surface

The correct answer is: Significantly reducing the number of pathogens on a surface

Sanitation is more than just cleaning or removing dirt and is not the same as sterilization. While cleaning may remove visible dirt and surfaces, it does not necessarily eliminate the presence of pathogens. Sterilization, on the other hand, involves completely destroying all microorganisms on a surface, which is not always necessary for sanitation. Sanitation, in the context of public health, focuses on reducing the number of harmful bacteria and viruses, making surfaces safe for use. This can be achieved through methods such as handwashing, using disinfectants, and proper waste management.